中文
Iinkqubo ze-Single point mooring (SPM) zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-oyile ye-offshore kunye nokuhanjiswa kwerhasi yendalo engamanzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo ikwajongene nemingcipheko eyahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingqonge iilwandle ezintsonkothileyo.
Imingcipheko ephambili yokubekwa kwindawo enye
1.Umngcipheko wokungqubana
Enye yezona ngozi zixhaphakileyo kukungqubana phakathi kwetanki okanye enye inqanawa engacwangciswanga kunye neSPM. Ungquzulwano olunjalo lunokubangela umonakalo kwiibhoyi kunye nemibhobho, enokukhokelela ekuchithekeni kweoli.
2. Iintlekele zemvelo
Iziganeko zendalo ezifana neetsunami, iinkanyamba kunye nokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga komoya kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwiinkqubo zeSPM, kubangele ukusilela kwesixhobo okanye umonakalo.
3. Ukuguquguquka kolwandle
Ukuguquguquka kolwandle kunokubangela umonakalo kwimitya yolwandle, kwandise umngcipheko wokuvuza, kwaye kuchaphazele uzinzo jikelele lwenkqubo.
Xa inkqubo yeSPM engakhuselekanga idibana nale mingcipheko ingentla, ezi ziphumo zilandelayo zingenzeka:
●Ukuchitheka okukhulu kwe-oyile elwandle: Nje ukuba ichitheke, inokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwi-ecology yaselwandle.
●Ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo: Ukuchitheka kwe-oyile akuchaphazeli nje kuphela umgangatho wamanzi kodwa kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yezinto eziphilayo nendawo ezihlala elwandle.
●Iindleko zokucoca ezixabisa kakhulu: Iindleko zokucoca ukuchitheka kweoyile zidla ngokuba phezulu kakhulu, nto leyo ebeka umthwalo omkhulu wemali kubasebenzi.
● Iingxwelerha: Iingozi zisenokubangela ukwenzakala okanye iimeko ezibeka ubomi esichengeni kubasebenzi.
●Umonakalo we-asethi: Ukonakaliswa kwezixhobo kunye neziseko zophuhliso kunokubangela iindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa.
●Ixesha lokuphumla kunye ne-demurrage: Ixesha lokuphumla kwenkqubo ye-SPM emva kwengozi iya kubangela ilahleko yokusebenza kunye neentlawulo ze-demurrage.
●Ukunyuka kweendleko ze-inshorensi: Iingozi ezithe gqolo zinokukhokelela ekuhlawuleni imali eninzi yeinshorensi kuze kwandiswe iindleko zokusebenza.
I-CDSR ibonelela nge-hoses ephezulu yeoli kunye nezixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-SPM. Yethuimibhobho yeolizenziwe ngezinto ezinokuqina, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kwaye zinokumelana nemekobume yaselwandle egqithisileyo. I-CDSR ye-double carcass hose kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yokubeka iliso iyanciphisa umngcipheko wokuchithwa kweoli. Sinokubonelela ngezisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezisekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zabathengi, kwaye sincede abathengi bafezekise imisebenzi esebenzayo kunye nekhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima zaselwandle.
Umhla: 28 Feb 2025