Ishishini leoli negesi

IPetroleum sisibaso esingamanzi esixutywe neehydrocarbons ezahlukeneyo.Idla ngokungcwatywa kulwakhiwo lwamatye ngaphantsi komhlaba kwaye kufuneka ifunyanwe ngokumbiwa phantsi komhlaba okanye ngokugrunjwa.Irhasi yendalo ikakhulu iqulathe imethane, efumaneka ikakhulu kwiindawo zeoyile nakwindawo yegesi yendalo.Isixa esincinci siphuma nakwimithungo yamalahle.Irhasi yendalo kufuneka ifunyanwe ngokusebenzisa imigodi okanye ukugrumba.

 

Imithombo ye-oyile nerhasi engaselunxwemeni yenye yemithombo ebalulekileyo yamandla ehlabathi, kwaye ukutsalwa kwayo kubalulekile ekugcineni unikezelo lwamandla ehlabathi.Ishishini lamandla lahlulwe ngokubanzi langamacandelo amathathu aphambili: phezulu, phakathi kunye nasezantsi

Entla sisiqalo sekhonkco lonikezelo lonke, ingakumbi kubandakanywa ukuhlola, ukutsalwa kunye nokuveliswa kweoli kunye negesi.Kweli nqanaba, imithombo ye-oyile negesi ifuna imisebenzi yokuhlola ukuchonga oovimba abangaphantsi komhlaba kunye namandla ophuhliso.Nje ukuba ubutyebi buchongiwe, inyathelo elilandelayo yinkqubo yokukhutshwa nokuveliswa.Oku kubandakanya ukugrumba, inaliti yamanzi, ukunyanzeliswa kwegesi kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

 

Umlambo ophakathi yinxalenye yesibini yekhonkco loshishino lweoyile negesi, ikakhulu kubandakanywa uthutho, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa.Kweli nqanaba, i-oyile kunye negesi kufuneka zihanjiswe ukusuka apho ziveliswa khona ukuya apho zicutshungulwa okanye zisetyenziswe khona.Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho, kubandakanywa ukuthuthwa kwemibhobho, ukuthutha ngololiwe, ukuthutha, njl.

 

Ezantsi sisahlulo sesithathu setsheyini yoshishino lwe-oyile negesi, ingakumbi ukusetyenzwa, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuthengisa.Kweli nqanaba, i-oyile ekrwada kunye nerhasi kufuneka zicutshungulwe kwaye ziveliswe ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya igesi yendalo, i-oyile yedizili, i-petroli, i-petroli, i-lubricant, i-kerosene, i-jet fuel, i-asphalt, i-oyile yokufudumeza, i-LPG (i-liquefied petroleum gas) ngokunjalo inani lezinye iindidi zepetrochemicals.Ezi mveliso ziya kuthengiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze zisetyenziswe kubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu nakwimveliso yemizi-mveliso.

 

Njengomthengisi weemveliso ze-hose ye-oil fluid ye-offshore, i-CDSRimibhobho yeoli edadayo, imibhobho yeoli yangaphantsi kwamanzi, imibhobho yeoli yecatenarykunye nemibhobho yokufunxa amanzi olwandle kunye nezinye iimveliso zinokubonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kwiiprojekthi zophuhliso lwe-oli kunye negesi elwandle.I-CDSR iya kuqhubeka nokuzibophelela kuphando lwezobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ukubonelela abathengi ngezisombululo ezingcono nezithembekileyo zokuthutha ulwelo, kunye nokuncedisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwe-oyile negesi ye-offshore.