中文
Itekhnoloji yokubuyisela i-oyile ibhekisela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokukhupha ioli kwiindawo zeoli.Ukuvela kobu buchwepheshe kubalulekile kuphuhliso lweshishini leoli.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iteknoloji yokubuyisela ioli iye yafumana izinto ezintsha ezininzi ezingakhange ziphucule nje ukusebenza kakuhleioliukutsalwa kodwa kube neempembelelo ezinzulu kokusingqongileyo, uqoqosho, kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wamandla.
Kwintsimi yemveliso ye-hydrocarbon, ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile yinkqubo ephambili enjongo yayo kukukhupha ioli eninzi kunye negesi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi-hydrocarbon-rich rich reservoirs.Njengoko umjikelo wobomi bequla leoli uqhubeka,iizinga lemveliso lidla ngokutshintsha.Ukuze kugcinwe kwaye kwandiswe amandla okuvelisa iqula, ukuvuselela okongeziweyo kokubunjwa kudla ngokufuneka.Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yequla,iiimpawu zokwakheka kunyeiiindleko zokusebenza, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye nobuchule zisetyenziswa kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo.Kukho iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zetekhnoloji yokubuyisela i-oyile: ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile yokuqala, ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile yesibini, kunye nokubuyiswa kwe-oyile ephakamileyo (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-oyile yokubuyisela, i-EOR).
Ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile esisiseko ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo lwedama lokuqhuba i-oyile kwintloko yomthombo.Xa uxinzelelo lwe-reservoir luhla kwaye alukwazi ukugcina izinga elaneleyo lemveliso, ukubuyiswa kweoli yesibini ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala.Eli nqanaba ikakhulu libandakanya ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwe-reservoir ngokusebenzisa inaliti yamanzi okanye igesi, ngaloo ndlela iqhubeka nokutyhala i-oyile kwintloko yomthombo.Ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile kwinqanaba eliphezulu, okanye ukomelezwa kokubuyiswa kwe-oyile, bubuchwephesha obuntsonkothileyo obubandakanya ukusebenzisa imichiza, ubushushu okanye inaliti yerhasi ukunyusa ngakumbi ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile.Ezi teknoloji zinokususa ngokufanelekileyo i-oyile ekrwada eseleyo kwindawo yokugcina amanzi, iphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokubuyisela ioyile.
● Isitofu segesi: Ukutofa irhasi kwindawo yokugcina i-oyile ukuze kutshintshe uxinzelelo kunye neempawu zolwelo lwale dama, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthazwa ukuhamba nokuveliswa kweoli ekrwada.
● Isitofu somphunga: Ekwaziwa njengokubuyiswa kwe-oyile eshushu, ifudumeza i-reservoir ngokufaka umphunga wobushushu obuphezulu ukunciphisa i-viscosity yeoli, yenze kube lula ukuhamba.Ngokukodwa ifanelekile kwi-high-viscosity okanye i-oil reservoirs ezinzima.
● Isitofu semichiza: Ngokutofa iikhemikhali (ezifana ne-surfactants, iipolima kunye nealkalis), imbonakalo ye-oyile ekrwada inokutshintshwa emzimbeni kunye nemichiza, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukumanzi kwe-oyile ekrwada, kuncitshiswe ukutsalwa kobuso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
● CO2Isitofu: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokutofa igesi ethi, ngokutofa ikharbon diokside, ayinakho ukunciphisa i-viscosity yeoli kuphela, kodwa iphucule izinga lokubuyisela ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lwedama kunye nokunciphisa ukugcwala kwe-oyile ekrwada eseleyo.Ukongeza, le ndlela nayo ineenzuzo ezithile zokusingqongileyo kuba i-CO2ingathathwa phantsi komhlaba.
● Iteknoloji yePlasma Pulse: Obu bubugcisa obutsha obuvelisa iipulse zeplasma ezinamandla aphezulu ukuvuselela amanzi, ukwenza iifractures, ukwandisa ukungeneka, ngaloo ndlela kuphucule ukuhamba kweoyile ekrwada.Nangona le teknoloji isekwinqanaba lokulinga, ibonisa amandla okuphucula ukubuyiswa kwiindidi ezithile zamadama.
Itekhnoloji nganye ye-EOR ineemeko zayo ezithile ezisebenzayo kunye nohlalutyo lweendleko-inzuzo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukukhetha eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zejoloji yedama elithile, iipropati ze-oyile ekrwada kunye nemiba yezoqoqosho.Ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha be-EOR kunokuphucula kakhulu inzuzo yezoqoqosho kwiindawo zeoli kunye nokwandisa ubomi bemveliso yemimandla yeoli, ebaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yeoli yehlabathi.
Umhla: 05 Jul 2024