中文
Imisebenzi yokuthunyelwa kwenqanawa ngenqanawa (STS) kukukhutshelwa komthwalo phakathi kweenqanawa ezihamba elwandle ezimiswe ecaleni kwenye, nokuba zimile okanye zisendleleni, kodwa kufuna ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo, izixhobo kunye nolwamkelo ukwenza loo misebenzi.Imithwalo edla ngokugqithiselwa ngabaqhubi ngendlela ye-STS iquka i-oyile ekrwada, i-liquefied gas (LPG okanye i-LNG), imithwalo eninzi kunye neemveliso zepetroleum.
Imisebenzi ye-STS inokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa ujongene nemikhumbi emikhulu kakhulu, efana ne-VLCCs kunye ne-ULCCs, enokujongana nezithintelo zoyilo kwamanye amazibuko.Zisenoqoqosho kwakhona xa zithelekiswa nokukhwela inqwelo moya kwijethi njengoko zombini ixesha lokumisa kunye nelokuxhoma ehlisiwe, nto leyo echaphazela iindleko.Izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo ziquka ukuphepha ukuxinana kwe-port, ekubeni inqanawa ayiyi kungena kwi-port.
Icandelo leelwandle liphuhlise izikhokelo ezingqongqo kunye nemigaqo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi ye-STS.I-International Maritime Organisation (IMO) kunye neziphathamandla ezahlukeneyo zelizwe zibonelela ngemimiselo ebanzi ekufuneka ithotyelwe ngexesha lokudluliselwa.Ezi zikhokelo ziquka yonke into ukusukaimigangatho yezixhobo kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi kwiimeko zemozulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.
Oku kulandelayo ziimfuno zokuqhuba ukusebenza kweNqanawa ukuya kwiNqanawa:
● Uqeqesho olwaneleyo lwabasebenzi beenqwelo zeoyile abaqhuba lo msebenzi
● Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ze-STS kufuneka zibekho kuzo zombini iinqanawa kwaye kufuneka zibe zikwimeko entle
● Ukucwangciswa kwangaphambili komsebenzi kunye nokwazisa isixa kunye nohlobo lomthwalo obandakanyekayo
● Ingqwalasela efanelekileyo kumahluko kwi-freeboard kunye noluhlu lweenqanawa zombini ngelixa uhambisa ioli
● Ukuthatha imvume kugunyaziwe karhulumente wezibuko ofanelekileyo
● IiPropati zoMthwalo obandakanyekayo mazaziwe nge-MSDS ekhoyo kunye nenombolo ye-UN
● Umjelo ofanelekileyo wonxibelelwano nonxibelelwano oza kusekwa phakathi kweenqanawa
● Ubungozi obunxulunyaniswa nomthwalo onje nge-VOC emission, chemical reaction njl.
● Izixhobo zokulwa nomlilo kunye nezixhobo zokuchitha i-oyile kufuneka zibekho kwaye abasebenzi baqeqeshwe kakuhle ukuze bazisebenzise ngexesha likaxakeka
Isishwankathelo, imisebenzi ye-STS ineenzuzo zoqoqosho kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo zokuhanjiswa kwempahla, kodwa imimiselo yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezikhokelo kufuneka zibe ngokungqongqo.ilandelweukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthotyelwa.Kwixesha elizayo, ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigangatho engqongqo, i-STS transifa unakoukuqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nonikezelo lwamandla.
Umhla: 21 Feb 2024