中文
I-Single Buoy Mooring (SBM) yinkqubo yedokhi edadayo esetyenziswa kakhulu ekulayisheni nasekukhupheni ioyile ekrwada elwandle nakwiimveliso ezimanzi. Ihlala ibekwe kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle kwiikhilomitha ezininzi ukusuka elunxwemeni, isebenza njengendawo yokuthutha phakathi kweenqanawa ezinkulu zeoyile kunye nezibonelelo zeoyile negesi ezisemhlabeni, nto leyo evumela ukuthuthwa kweoyile ekrwada ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
Ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo ye-SBM
Inkqubo yokubopha
I-buoy inamathele phantsi kolwandle ngamatyathanga amaninzi e-anchor (ngesiqhelo i-4-8isiqwenga), eziphelo zazo ziqhagamshelwe kwiziseko zomxhuzulane okanye kwii-pile anchors. Le ndlela yoqhagamshelo ivumela i-buoy ukuba ihambe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile lomoya, amaza kunye nemisinga, enokuthintela ngempumelelo amandla okusingqongileyo kolwandle kwaye iqinisekise uzinzo lwenkqubo.
Inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwemveliso
Izinto eziphambili zayo ziquka i-submarine pipeline end manifold (PLEM), ii-flexible risers kunye nee-swivel joints. I-flexible riser idibanisa i-PLEM kwi-buoy kwaye inokuziqhelanisa nentshukumo ye-buoy, iqinisekisa ukuba i-oyile ekrwada inokuhanjiswa kakuhle ukusuka kwi-submarine pipeline ukuya kwi-buoy. Iintambo zepayipi ezidadayo zihlala zixhotyiswe nge-Marine Breakaway Coupling (MBC) enomsebenzi wokukhusela ukunqanyulwa, enokuyivala ngokuzenzekelayo i-valve xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo ukuthintela ukuvuza kwe-oyile ekrwada nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo yolwandle.
Isakhiwo seBuoy
I-buoy ixhotyiswe ngelungiselelo lokuthwala elijikelezayo elivumela i-tanker ukuba ilungise icala layo ngokukhululekileyo kwaye ihlale ikwimeko yokuxhathisa okuncinci, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa impembelelo yemithwalo yokusingqongileyo kwinkqubo ye-tanker kunye ne-mooring. Kwangaxeshanye, i-swivel joint kwi-buoy inokuqinisekisa ukuba i-hose ayichaphazeleki kuxinzelelo lwe-torsional ngexesha lokudluliselwa kolwelo, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ubomi benkonzo yesixhobo.
Iingenelo zenkqubo ye-SBM
● Ukusebenza kakuhle kokulayisha nokukhupha ioyile: I-SBM inokukhonza iinqanawa ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo zeoyile kuquka i-VLCC (isithuthi esikhulu kakhulu se-crude carrier), kwaye inokunika ithuba elipheleleyo kwiingenelo zokuthutha iinqanawa ezinkulu zeoyile kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kokulayisha nokukhupha ioyile eluhlaza.
●Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi: Iinqanawa ezithwala iinqanawa akufuneki zingene kumazibuko, nto leyo enciphisa umgama wokuhamba ngenqanawa, nto leyo engagcini nje ngokugcina iindleko zepetroli, kodwa ikwanciphisa neendleko ezinxulumene noko ezifana nexesha lokufika kwizibuko, ngelixa inciphisa iingozi zokusebenza ezifana nokungqubana okunokujongana nako xa kungena naxa kuphuma kwizibuko.
● Ukusebenza kakuhle kokusingqongileyo: Ngokuvala iivalvu ngokuzenzekelayo kunye noyilo oluchasene nokuvuza, inkqubo ye-SBM inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvuza kweoyile ekrwada, inciphise ungcoliseko kwindalo esingqongileyo yolwandle, kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
● Ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo: Xa kuthelekiswa nee-terminals ezizinzileyo, i-SBM inexesha elifutshane lokwakha kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zeoyile ezikude okanye kwiindawo zokusebenza okwethutyana kwaye inokusabela ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno zophuhliso lweendawo zeoyile ezahlukeneyo.
Inkqubo yokubopha ene-buoy enye iye yaba yindawo ephambili yokuthutha ioyile negesi yanamhlanje elwandle ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa kwayo kakuhle kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho, kwaye ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lokudluliselwa kweoyile ekrwada kwihlabathi liphela. Njengomthengisi oqeqeshiweyo weepayipi zeoyile elwandle, i-CDSR igxile ekuboneleleni ngomgangatho ophezulu olungiselelwe wena.iipayipi zeoyilekwizibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zaselunxwemeni. Iimveliso zethu azisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokubopha ii-buoy enye kuphela, kodwa zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana namaqonga okuvelisa ioyile asisigxina, amaqonga okubhola i-jack-up, iindawo zokucoca kunye nezityalo zeekhemikhali, kunye needokhi.
I-Single Buoy Mooring (SBM) yinkqubo yedokhi edadayo esetyenziswa kakhulu ekulayisheni nasekukhupheni ioyile ekrwada elwandle nakwiimveliso ezimanzi. Ihlala ibekwe kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle kwiikhilomitha ezininzi ukusuka elunxwemeni, isebenza njengendawo yokuthutha phakathi kweenqanawa ezinkulu zeoyile kunye nezibonelelo zeoyile negesi ezisemhlabeni, nto leyo evumela ukuthuthwa kweoyile ekrwada ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
Umhla: 18 Disemba 2025